Study of the fractional composition and xylanolytic activity of proteins produced by bacteria isolated from lignocellulosic biomass

Introduction: In recent years, natural bioactive compounds have become a leading trend in the food and nutraceutical industries due to the diversity of their chemical structures and functions, as well as their positive effects on human health. The most studied and used bioactive compounds include prebiotics. Xylooligosaccharides, obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of xylan, are of particular interest among prebiotics. Screening of microorganisms isolated from lignocellulosic raw materials for their ability to produce xylanolytic enzymes seems promising.

Purpose: To assess the fractional composition and xylanolytic activity of proteins produced by bacteria isolated from lignocellulosic raw materials of the Kaliningrad region – white lupine seeds.

Materials and Methods: Isolation of proteins from the fermentation medium and their fractionation were carried out using preparative HPLC. The molecular weight of protein fractions was determined by electrophoresis.

Results: 4 protein fractions were isolated from the culture fluid of bacteria of the genus Bacillus and their molecular masses were established, ranging from 35.60 to 246.10 kDa. It was shown that fraction No. 1 contains the largest amount of proteins with molecular weights of 242.30 kDa, 83.70 kDa and 35.90 kDa. It was revealed that in fraction No. 2 proteins with a molecular weight of 51.50 kDa (content was 63.60%) and 42.70 kDa (content was 18.30%) predominated. It was established that fraction No. 3 contains a large number of proteins with different molecular weights, fraction No. 4 contains proteins with molecular weights from 61.80 to 69.30 kDa, while the share of proteins with molecular weights of 69.30 kDa and 61.80 kDa accounting for 42.10 and 41.10%, respectively. It was revealed that proteins with molecular weights from 35.60 to 41.00 kDa have xylanolytic activity at a level of 107.33 units/g.

Conclusions: A scheme for the isolation of proteins with xylanolytic activity from the culture fluid of Bacillus megaterium bacteria isolated from seeds of white lupin (Lupinus albus) has been developed. The obtained enzymes can be used in the transformation of agro-industrial waste to produce xylooligosaccharides.

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