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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodmeta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">FOOD METAENGINEERING</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FOOD METAENGINEERING</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-6497</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Dairy Research Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37442/fme.2025.1.80</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodmeta-80</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>От редактора</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>From the Editor</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>От обоснованного предположения к доказательству: зачем эмпирическому исследованию гипотеза?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>From a Reasoned Assumption to Evidence: Why Empirical Research Needs a Hypothesis?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8252-6150</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихонова</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhonova</surname><given-names>Elena</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">etihonova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГИМО Университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>MGIMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>3</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихонова Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихонова Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhonova E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/80">https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/80</self-uri><abstract><p>Формулирование исследовательской гипотезы представляет собой концептуальный фундамент научного исследования и играет ключевую роль в организации его логико-методологической структуры. В настоящей статье рассматривается значение четко сформулированной, проверяемой гипотезы как необходимого условия для обеспечения внутренней согласованности, воспроизводимости и обоснованности научного дизайна. Особое внимание уделено анализу различных типов гипотез (нулевой, альтернативной, направленной, ненаправленной, описательной и объяснительной) с приведением примеров их применения в контексте прикладных исследований в области пищевых технологий. Кроме того, в статье анализируются сильные и слабые стороны формулировок гипотез, представлены типичные ошибки, допускаемые при их построении, и предложен алгоритм, обеспечивающий методологически корректное формирование гипотезы, ориентированной на эмпирическую верификацию.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formulation of a research hypothesis constitutes the conceptual foundation of scientific inquiry and plays a pivotal role in shaping its logical and methodological structure. This article explores the significance of a clearly articulated, testable hypothesis as a prerequisite for ensuring internal coherence, reproducibility, and methodological rigor in research design. Particular attention is given to the classification of hypothesis types (null, alternative, directional, non-directional, descriptive, and explanatory) with examples of their application in the context of applied research in food technology. Additionally, the article examines the strengths and weaknesses of hypothesis formulation, outlines common errors encountered in this process, and presents an algorithm for constructing methodologically sound hypotheses aimed at empirical verification.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>исследовательская гипотеза</kwd><kwd>дизайн исследования</kwd><kwd>проверяемость гипотезы</kwd><kwd>фальсифицируемость гипотзы</kwd><kwd>воспроизводимость гипотезы</kwd><kwd>типы гипотез</kwd><kwd>ошибки формулировки гипотез</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>research hypothesis</kwd><kwd>research design</kwd><kwd>hypothesis testability</kwd><kwd>hypothesis falsifiability</kwd><kwd>reproducibility</kwd><kwd>types of hypotheses</kwd><kwd>hypothesis formulation errors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Creswell, J. W. (2014). 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