Введение

foodmeta

FOOD METAENGINEERING

2949-6497

All-Russian Dairy Research Institute

10.37442/fme.4.27

foodmeta-27

Research Article

Оригинальное эмпирическое исследование

Original Empirical Research

Исследование влияния ультрафиолетового излучения на физико-механические и структурные характеристики биоразлагаемого полимерного материала на основе полилактида и поли(бутиленадипат-ко-терефталата) при компостном хранении

The Ultraviolet Radiation Influence on the Physical-Mechanical and Structural Characteristics of a Biodegradable Polymeric Material Based on Polylactide and Poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) during Compost Storage

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6342-7218

Мяленко

Дмитрий Михайлович

Myalenko

Dmitriy Mikhailovich

Заведующий сектором упаковки, старший научный сотрудник, кандидат технических наук

Head of Packaging Sector, Senior Researcher, Candidate of Technical Sciences

d_myalenko@vnimi.org

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7348-6019

Федотова

Ольга Борисовна

Fedotova

Olga Borisovna

Ученый секретарь, ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор технических наук

Scientific Secretary, Leading Researcher, Doctor of Technical Sciences

o_fedotova@vnimi.org

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7259-4256

Агарков

Александр Александрович

Agarkov

Aleksand Aleksandrovich

младший научный сотрудник, кандидат технических наук

Junior Researcher, Candidate of Technical Sciences

a_agarkov@vnimi.org

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности ("ВНИМИ")РоссияAll-Russian Dairy Research InstituteRussian Federation

2023

27122023

142838

2023

Мяленко Д.М., Федотова О.Б., Агарков А.А.

Myalenko D.M., Fedotova O.B., Agarkov A.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/27

Введение

Введение: Использование биоразлагаемой упаковки в качестве альтернативы упаковки из традиционных полимерных материалов, позволит сократить количество синтетических полимеров, что приведет к уменьшению негативного воздействия на окружающую среду. Исследования в этом направлении, в основном, направлены на анализ скорости деградации таких материалов, при этом влияние внешних факторов на разлагаемые пластики, таких как облучение, тепловая или ультразвуковая обработка, перед закладкой их на компостное хранение изучена недостаточно.

Цель

Цель: Изучение влияния ультрафиолетового (УФ) излучения на изменения физико-механических и морфологических свойств композиции биоразлагаемого компаундного материала на основе полилактида (PLA) и поли(бутиленадипат-ко-терефталата) (PBAT) при компостном лабораторном хранении.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы: Объектами исследований были выбраны полимерные биоразлагаемые пленки на основе смеси PLA и PBAT. Изменение прочностных показателей проводили по ГОСТ 14236-2017. Размер частиц определяли методом светлого поля на микроскопе Axio Lab. A1 с оптикой Axiocam 105 color. Регистрация ИК-спектров проведена на макромодуле ИК-Фурье спектрометра-микроскопа Bruker Lumos (Германия). Анализ поверхности образцов проведен на растровом электронном микроскопе Vega 3 (Tescan, Чехия).

Результаты

Результаты: Облучение материала перед помещением в грунт приводит к ускорению процесса деградации: на 23,3% быстрее уменьшается прочность при разрыве материала и на 70,0% уменьшается прочность сварных швов. Анализ структуры поверхности материала после 120 суток хранения в компосте показал ее существенные изменения: на поверхности наблюдались многочисленные трещины, уходящие в глубь материала практически по всей поверхности.

Выводы

Выводы: Полученные данные по изменению структуры поверхности исследуемых образцов после воздействия на них УФ излучения свидетельствует о динамично протекающих процессах разложения, что создает реальную перспективу минимизации экологических рисков в сегменте охраны окружающей среды, связанной с утилизацией упаковки.

Introduction

Introduction: The use of biodegradable packaging as an alternative to traditional polymer materials will reduce the amount of synthetic polymers, leading to a decrease in negative environmental impact. Research in this direction is mainly focused on analyzing the rate of degradation of such materials. However, the influence of external factors on degradable plastics, such as radiation, thermal or ultrasonic treatment, before composting storage, is insufficiently studied.

Purpose

Purpose: To study the impact of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the changes in the physical-mechanical and morphological properties of a biodegradable compound material based on polylactide (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) during laboratory compost storage.

Materials and Methods

Materials and Methods: The purpose of the research was biodegradable polymer films based on a mixture of PLA and PBAT. Changes in strength indicators were conducted according to GOST 14236-2017. Particle size was determined by the bright field method on an Axio Lab. A1 microscope with Axiocam 105 color optics. IR spectra registration was performed on a macro module of the IR-Fourier spectrometer-microscope Bruker Lumos (Germany). Surface analysis of the samples was conducted on a Vega 3 scanning electron microscope (Tescan, Czech Republic).

Results

Results: Irradiation of the material before placement in the soil leads to an acceleration of the degradation process: the strength at break of the material decreases by 23.3% faster, and the strength of the welded seams decreases by 70.0%. The analysis of the surface structure of the material after 120 days of storage in compost showed significant changes: numerous cracks were observed on the surface, extending deep into the material almost across the entire surface.

Conclusion

Conclusion: The obtained data on the change in the surface structure of the samples after exposure to UV radiation indicates dynamically occurring decomposition processes, creating a real perspective for minimizing environmental risks in the segment of environmental protection related to packaging disposal.

Keywords

Keywords: biodegradable materials, destruction, ultraviolet, composting

биоразлагаемые материалыдеструкцияультрафиолеткомпостирование

biodegradable materialsdestructionultravioletcomposting

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт молочной промышленности, Москва, Россия

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.