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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodmeta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">FOOD METAENGINEERING</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FOOD METAENGINEERING</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-6497</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Dairy Research Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37442/fme.2023.2.15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodmeta-15</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Обзорная статья</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Scoping Review</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Характеристики кисломолочных продуктов, с пониженным содержанием лактозы включающих микроорганизмы, входящие в состав консорциума кефирного грибка: обзор предметного поля</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Characteristics of lactose-free/low-lactose fermented dairy products containing microorganisms that are part of the kefir grain consortium: Scoping review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8893-0621</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крысанова</surname><given-names>Юлия Игоревна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krysanova</surname><given-names>Julia I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>младший научный сотрудник </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yu_krysanova@vnimi.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАНУ "ВНИМИ"</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of the Dairy Industry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>08</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>80</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крысанова Ю.И., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крысанова Ю.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krysanova J.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/15">https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/15</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Существует значительное количество научных публикаций, посвященных анализу безлактозных и гиполактозных кисломолочных продуктов, преимущественно в контексте изучения конкретных микроорганизмов или заквасочных культур и их функционирования в условиях ограниченного содержания лактозы. Тем не менее, синтезирование накопленных данных не получало должного акцентирования, учитывая что большая часть исследований была проведена в течение последних 10 лет, а интенсивное рассмотрение данной проблематики началось лишь в недавнем прошлом.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Систематизация и критический анализ научных исследований, освещающих специфику кисломолочных продуктов с редуцированным уровнем лактозы с акцентом на сопоставительное исследование стандартных кисломолочных продуктов и их гиполактозных или безлактозных модификаций. Особое внимание уделяется кисломолочным продуктам, включающим микроорганизмы, входящие в состав консорциума кефирного грибка.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Источники для обзора подбирались в базах данных Scopus, ScienceDirect, РИНЦ, Google Scholar. Из 208 релевантных с точки зрения ключевых слов публикаций, 34 были отобраны для анализа. В качестве основного критерия отбора статей выступало описание в них исследований по использованию низколактозного или безлактозного молока в качестве среды для культивации заквасочных культур. Данный обзор предметного поля опирается на протокол PRISMA-ScR.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: Согласно ряду источников, готовые гиполактозные или безлактозные кисломолочные продукты демонстрировали аналогичные или улучшенные физико-химические и органолептические характеристики по сравнению со стандартными кисломолочными продуктами. В экспериментах, направленных на оценку микробиологических характеристик, было зафиксировано, что концентрация молочнокислых бактерий в анализируемых продуктах либо соответствовала, либо была ниже или выше, чем в традиционных кисломолочных продуктах. В некоторых публикациях ученые выявляли, что окончательный кисломолочный продукт имел ухудшенные органолептические и физико-химические параметры. Тем не менее, все рассмотренные гиполактозные или безлактозные кисломолочные продукты соответствовали стандартам и регулятивным требованиям стран, в которых проводились соответствующие исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы: Формирование гиполактозных и безлактозных кисломолочных продуктов представляет собой актуальное направление в пищевой промышленности, учитывая их схожесть с конвенциональными продуктами и адаптированность для консумации индивидами с различной степенью непереносимости лактозы. Присутствуют нюансы, связанные с длительностью ферментационного процесса, органолептическими характеристиками, уровнем кислотности, синерезисом, сохранностью и динамикой роста микроорганизмов. Эти особенности могут быть обусловлены конкретными штаммами микрофлоры, применяемыми в закваске, и, чаще всего, их влияние остается минимальным. Полученные в ходе данной работы результаты могут оказаться полезными для выбора заквасочных культур при проектировании различных кисломолочных продуктов, включая йогурт, обогащенный йогурт, кефир, айран, ряженку и ацидофилин. Для более глубокого понимания взаимодействия модифицированной глюкозно-галактозной среды с различными штаммами и видами молочнокислых бактерий требуется дополнительная экспериментальная работа, учитывая, что активность данных бактерий напрямую определяет качественные характеристики финального кисломолочного продукта.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: There are a significant number of scientific publications dedicated to the analysis of lactose-free and low-lactose fermented milk products, primarily in the context of studying specific microorganisms or starter cultures and their functioning under conditions of limited lactose content. Nevertheless, the synthesis of accumulated data has not been sufficiently highlighted, considering that a large part of the research was conducted over the past 10 years, and an intensive examination of this issue has only begun in the recent past.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: To systematically and critically analyze scientific research that sheds light on the specifics of fermented milk products with a reduced lactose level, focusing on a comparative study of standard fermented milk products and their low-lactose or lactose-free modifications. Special attention is paid to fermented milk products containing microorganisms that are part of the kefir fungus consortium.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: Sources for the review were selected from the Scopus, ScienceDirect, RISC (Russian Index of Science Citation), and Google Scholar databases. Out of 208 publications relevant in terms of keywords, 34 were selected for analysis. The main criterion for selecting articles was a description in them of studies on the use of low-lactose or lactose-free milk as a medium for cultivating starter cultures. This review of the subject area is based on the PRISMA-ScR protocol.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Many scientific studies indicate that the prepared low-lactose or lactose-free fermented milk products exhibited similar or improved physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics compared to standard fermented milk products. In experiments aimed at evaluating microbiological characteristics, it was observed that the concentration of lactic acid bacteria in the analyzed products either matched, was lower, or was higher than in traditional fermented milk products. In some publications, scientists found that the final fermented milk product had deteriorated organoleptic and physicochemical parameters. However, all reviewed low-lactose or lactose-free fermented milk products met the standards and regulatory requirements of the countries in which the respective research was conducted.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The development of low-lactose and lactose-free fermented milk products is a relevant direction in the food industry, considering their similarity to conventional products and adaptability for consumption by individuals with varying degrees of lactose intolerance. There are nuances related to the duration of the fermentation process, organoleptic characteristics, acidity level, syneresis, preservation, and growth dynamics of microorganisms. These features can be dictated by specific strains of microflora used in the starter and, most often, their influence remains minimal. The results obtained in this study may be useful for selecting starter cultures when designing various fermented milk products, including yogurt, fortified yogurt, kefir, ayran, ryazhenka, and acidophilus. For a deeper understanding of the interaction of the modified glucose-galactose medium with various strains and species of lactic acid bacteria, further experimental work is needed, considering that the activity of these bacteria directly determines the quality characteristics of the final fermented milk product.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>безлактозные кисломолочные продукты</kwd><kwd>низколактозные кисломолочные продукты</kwd><kwd>безлактозный йогурт</kwd><kwd>низколактозный йогурт</kwd><kwd>обзор безлактозных продуктов</kwd><kwd>глюкозно-галактозная среда</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lactose-free fermented milk products</kwd><kwd>low-lactose fermented milk products</kwd><kwd>lactose-free yogurt</kwd><kwd>low-lactose yogurt</kwd><kwd>review of lactose-free products</kwd><kwd>glucose-galactose medium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Арсеньева, Т. 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