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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodmeta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">FOOD METAENGINEERING</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FOOD METAENGINEERING</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-6497</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Dairy Research Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37442/fme.2026.1.106</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodmeta-106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное эмпирическое исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Empirical Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние метастабильных фракций электрохимически активированного раствора на реологические свойства мясной системы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effect of Metastable Fractions of Electrochemically Activated Solutionon the Rheological Properties of the Meat System</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2100-0918</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворов</surname><given-names>Олег Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorov</surname><given-names>Oleg Alexandrovich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">SuvorovOA@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8984-7829</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сафонов</surname><given-names>Максим Сергеевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Safonov</surname><given-names>Maxim Sergeevich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">safonovms@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Литвинова</surname><given-names>Елена Викторовна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Litvinova</surname><given-names>Elena Viktorovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор технических наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Technical Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">litvinovaev@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3587-3141</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волокитина</surname><given-names>Зинаида Владимировна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volokitina</surname><given-names>Zinaida Vladimirovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат технических наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Technical Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">VolokitinaZV@mgupp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7946-7371</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погорелова</surname><given-names>Валентина Николаевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogorelova</surname><given-names>Valentina Nikolaevna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат биологических наук</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Candidate of Biological Sciences</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agpogorelov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-9496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Погорелов</surname><given-names>Александр Григорьевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pogorelov</surname><given-names>Alexander Grigorievich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор биологических наук, профессор</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">agpogorelov@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет; &#13;
Институт теоретической  и экспериментальной биотехнологии РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University; &#13;
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет;&#13;
Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University; &#13;
Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский биотехнологический университет</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Biotechnological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт теоретической и экспериментальной биофизики РАН</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>72</fpage><lpage>90</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Суворов О.А., Сафонов М.С., Литвинова Е.В., Волокитина З.В., Погорелова В.Н., Погорелов А.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Суворов О.А., Сафонов М.С., Литвинова Е.В., Волокитина З.В., Погорелова В.Н., Погорелов А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Suvorov O.A., Safonov M.S., Litvinova E.V., Volokitina Z.V., Pogorelova V.N., Pogorelov A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/106">https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/106</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Электрохимически активированные растворы (ЭХАР), получаемые униполярным электролизом воды, привлекают внимание как безреагентный технологический агент для пищевой промышленности благодаря возможности регулирования рН, окислительно-восстановительного потенциала и ионного состава. Вместе с тем влияние метастабильных фракций ЭХАР (анолита и католита) на структурно-механические свойства мясных систем изучено недостаточно, что ограничивает их целенаправленное применение в технологии рубленых мясных изделий.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследовать влияние анолитной и католитной фракций ЭХАР на реологические характеристики говяжьего фарша в зависимости от типа фракции и температуры ее внесения.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования служил фарш из охлаждённой мякоти говядины. Образцы готовили с добавлением водопроводной воды (контроль - рН 8,2 ± 0,1; ОВП 79,5 ± 5 мВ), анолитной (рН 3,5 ± 0,1; ОВП 232,5 ± 5 мВ; содержание смеси оксидантов в эквиваленте активного хлора 45 ± 5 мг/л; общая минерализация 0,7 мг/мл) или католитной (рН 10,3 ± 0,1; ОВП −218,5 ± 5 мВ) фракции ЭХАР в соотношении 1:10 (масса сырья к жидкости). Фракции вносили при двух температурах: 2 и 13 °С. Напряжение сдвига, динамическую вязкость и индекс течения определяли на ротационном вискозиметре RHEOTEST 2 при прямом и обратном ходе. Экспериментальные данные аппроксимировали уравнением Оствальда с помощью программы TableCurve 2D v5.01.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Во всех образцах максимальная скорость сдвига не превышала 0,9 с⁻¹. Контрольный образец показал наибольшее напряжение сдвига (до 3045,46 Па) и наибольшую динамическую вязкость при единичной скорости сдвига (2959,91 Па·с). В образцах с обеими фракциями ЭХАР напряжение сдвига не превышало 2427,56 Па. Наименьшая динамическая вязкость (2359,15 Па·с) была зафиксирована в образце с анолитом при температуре внесения 13 °С (индекс течения n = 0,245; r² = 0,979). Во всех образцах обнаружена петля гистерезиса, что указывает на тиксотропное поведение системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Внесение метастабильных фракций ЭХАР в мясной фарш приводит к снижению напряжения сдвига и динамической вязкости по сравнению с контролем, что может свидетельствовать о модификации белково-водной матрицы и усилении гидратации белков, хотя данная гипотеза требует подтверждения инструментальными методами. Наиболее выраженный эффект наблюдается при использовании анолитной фракции, вносимой при 13 °С. Полученные данные обосновывают возможность безреагентного регулирования реологических характеристик мясных полуфабрикатов средствами электрохимической активации воды.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Electrochemically activated solutions (ECAS) produced by unipolar water electrolysis have attracted interest as a reagent-free processing agent for the food industry because their pH, oxidation–reduction potential, and ionic composition can be controlled. At the same time, the effect of metastable ECAS fractions (anolyte and catholyte) on the structural and mechanical properties of meat systems has not been studied thoroughly enough, which limits their purposeful application in chopped meat product technology.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose. To investigate how anolyte and catholyte ECAS fractions affect the rheological characteristics of ground beef depending on the fraction type and its addition temperature.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods. The study was carried out on ground beef prepared from chilled boneless meat. Samples were made by adding tap water (control - рН 8,2 ± 0,1; ORP 79,5 ± 5 mV), anolyte (pH 3.5 ± 0.1; ORP 232.5 ± 5 mV; the content of the oxidant mixture in the equivalent of active chlorine is 45 ± 5 mg/l; total mineralization is 0.7 mg/ml), or catholyte (pH 10.3 ± 0.1; ORP −218.5 ± 5 mV) ECAS fractions at a 1:10 raw material-to-liquid ratio. The fractions were added at two temperatures: 2 and 13 °C. Shear stress, dynamic viscosity, and flow index were measured on a RHEOTEST 2 rotational viscometer during forward and reverse runs. The experimental data were fitted to the Ostwald equation using TableCurve 2D v5.01 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The maximum shear rate in all samples did not exceed 0.9 s⁻¹. The control sample showed the highest shear stress (up to 3045.46 Pa) and the highest dynamic viscosity at unit shear rate (2959.91 Pa·s). In samples with both ECAS fractions, shear stress did not exceed 2427.56 Pa. The lowest dynamic viscosity (2359.15 Pa·s) was recorded for the anolyte sample at an addition temperature of 13 °C (flow index n = 0.245; r² = 0.979). A hysteresis loop was found in all samples, pointing to the thixotropic behavior of the system.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Incorporation of metastable ECAS fractions into ground meat lowers shear stress and dynamic viscosity relative to the control. This may indicate modification of the protein–water matrix and enhanced protein hydration, although this hypothesis requires confirmation by instrumental methods. The most pronounced effect is observed when the anolyte fraction is added at 13 °C. The findings provide a basis for reagent-free control of the rheological characteristics of meat semi-finished products through electrochemical water activation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>говяжий фарш</kwd><kwd>электрохимически активированный раствор</kwd><kwd>анолит</kwd><kwd>католит</kwd><kwd>реология</kwd><kwd>вискозиметрия</kwd><kwd>безреагентная модификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ground beef</kwd><kwd>electrochemically activated solution</kwd><kwd>anolyte</kwd><kwd>catholyte</kwd><kwd>rheology</kwd><kwd>viscometry</kwd><kwd>reagent-free modification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках государственного задания № 075-00223-25-00. Финансовая поддержка Российского научного фонда (грант № 20-16-00019)</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the Russian Federation State Assignment No. 075-00223-25-00. 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