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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">foodmeta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">FOOD METAENGINEERING</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FOOD METAENGINEERING</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2949-6497</issn><publisher><publisher-name>All-Russian Dairy Research Institute</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37442/fme.2026.1.101</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">foodmeta-101</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Оригинальное эмпирическое исследование</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Original Empirical Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метод экспресс–оценки показателей качества молока на основе оптической спектроскопии и алгоритмов интеллектуального анализа данных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Method for Rapid Evaluation of Milk Quality Parameters Using Optical Spectroscopy and Intelligent Data Analysis Algorithms</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3143-0264</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митенков</surname><given-names>Андрей Эдуардович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitenkov</surname><given-names>Andrew E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Инженер лаборатории медико-аналитических методов и приборов; студент магистратуры</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>engineer of the Laboratory of Medical Analytical Methods and Instruments</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mitenkovandrej@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1739-9671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазинг</surname><given-names>Мария Сергеевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazing</surname><given-names>Mariia S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Младший научный сотрудник лаборатории медико-аналитических методов и приборов </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Junior Researcher of the Laboratory of Medical Analytical Methods and Instruments </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazmari@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1739-9671</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Анна Юрьевна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaitceva</surname><given-names>Anna Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старший научный сотрудник, заведующая лабораторией медико-аналитических методов и приборов </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Cand. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), Senior Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Medical Analytical Methods and Instruments </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">anna@da-24.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт аналитического приборостроения РАН; Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт аналитического приборостроения РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute for Analytical Instrumentation RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>39</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Митенков А.Э., Мазинг М.С., Зайцева А.Ю., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Митенков А.Э., Мазинг М.С., Зайцева А.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mitenkov A.E., Mazing M.S., Zaitceva A.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/101">https://www.fme-journal.org/jour/article/view/101</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Спектроскопические методы активно используются для контроля качественных параметров молока. Тем не менее их применение в формате экспресс–анализа ограничено габаритами оборудования и сложностью обработки спектральных данных. В то же время подходы, обеспечивающие компактность измерительной системы совместно с возможностью извлечения информативных признаков из многомерных спектральных измерений, остаются недостаточно разработанными.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Разработка оптического экспресс–метода, основанного на многоспектральной регистрации обратно–рассеянного излучения с последующим интеллектуальным анализом данных.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Метод основан на сочетании спектрофотометрии рассеяния и интеллектуального анализа данных. Для регистрации спектральных характеристик была разработана компактная оптическая система на основе многоканального анализатора спектров, измеряющая интенсивность обратно–рассеянного излучения на 18 фиксированных длинах волн в диапазоне 410–940 нм. Полученные спектральные данные обрабатывались с помощью визуального анализа и метода главных компонент с целью выявления различий между образцами в трехмерном пространстве. Исследованию подвергались образцы коровьего молока с различной массовой долей жира, в том числе разбавленные дистиллированной водой и выдержанные до естественного скисания.  </p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Анализ методом главных компонент показал дифференциацию образцов по массовой доле жира и физико–химическому состоянию. Разделение групп наблюдалось в пространстве первых трех главных компонент при суммарной объясненной дисперсии более 90 %. Полученные результаты характеризовались воспроизводимостью при измерениях образцов с одинаковыми характеристиками. Наибольший вклад в разделение внесли сигналы на длинах волн 460, 510, 940 нм (первая главная компонента), 560, 585, 645 нм (вторая) и 680, 730, 810 нм (третья), что указывает на их информативность для детекции изменений.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Предложенный метод позволяет выявлять изменения, связанные с концентрацией жиров и физико–химическим состоянием, и обеспечивает воспроизводимость получаемых результатов с использованием разработанной компактной оптической системы. В дальнейшем он может использоваться для экспресс–оценки качества молока на любых этапах производства. Также в перспективе возможна интеграция метода в автоматизированные системы контроля.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction: Spectroscopic methods are widely used to monitor the quality parameters of milk. However, their application in rapid analysis is limited by the size of the equipment and the complexity of spectral data processing. At the same time, methods that ensure the compactness of the measurement system while enabling the extraction of informative features from multidimensional spectral data remain insufficiently developed.</p></sec><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: Development of an optical express method based on multispectral registration of backscattered radiation followed by intelligent data analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: The method is based on a combination of scattering spectrophotometry and intelligent data analysis. To record the spectral characteristics, a compact optical system was developed based on a multichannel spectrum analyzer, measuring the intensity of backscattered radiation at 18 fixed wavelengths in the 410–940 nm range. The obtained spectral data were processed using visual analysis and principal component analysis to identify differences between samples in three–dimensional space. The study included samples of cow’s milk with different fat mass fractions, including samples diluted with distilled water and samples aged until natural souring occurred.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: Principal component analysis revealed differentiation of the samples according to fat mass fraction and physicochemical state. Group separation was observed in the space of the first three principal components, with a total explained variance exceeding 90%. The obtained results demonstrated good reproducibility for measurements of samples with identical characteristics. The greatest contribution to the separation was made by signals at wavelengths of 460, 510, and 940 nm (first principal component); 560, 585, and 645 nm (second principal component); and 680, 730, and 810 nm (third principal component), indicating their informativeness for detecting changes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The proposed method makes it possible to detect changes associated with fat concentration and physicochemical state and ensures the reproducibility of the obtained results using the developed compact optical system. In the future, it can be applied for rapid assessment of milk quality at any stage of production. Furthermore, the method has the potential to be integrated into automated monitoring systems.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Молоко</kwd><kwd>спектрофотометрия</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальный анализ данных</kwd><kwd>метод главных компонент</kwd><kwd>обратно–рассеянное излучение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>milk</kwd><kwd>spectrophotometry</kwd><kwd>multispectral analysis</kwd><kwd>principal component analysis (PCA)</kwd><kwd>backscattered radiation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барковская, И.А., Туровская, С.Н., Илларионова, Е.Е., Ярышев, В.Ю., Блиадзе, В.Г., &amp; Кондратенко, В.В. (2025). Сравнение методов ИК– и Раман–спектроскопии для оценки структурных изменений в молоке при тепловой обработке. 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